SANCTIONS

Russian President Vladimir Putin and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi walking side by side in an official corridor with Russian and Indian flags displayed on both sides, during their state visit summit in New Delhi

Strategic autonomy in motion

06/12/202513/12/2025

India’s embrace of Russia amid U.S. pressure signals a decisive geopolitical moment: New Delhi is asserting a mature, multipolar foreign-policy identity rooted in sovereignty and long-term strategy

An LNG tanker at a major gas terminal — a reminder of Europe’s continued payments for Russian energy amid the war in Ukraine

Europe’s energy paradox: Paying Moscow while preaching morality

30/10/202515/01/2026

The European Union pays Moscow more money for Russian energy than it sends to Kyiv for military and economic aid. European hypocrisy has a specific price tag: €213 billion since February 2022

A group of Chinese factory workers in blue uniforms assembling electronic components on a production line. The workers are focused on their tasks, surrounded by machinery and product trays. The factory is brightly lit, with multiple rows of workers engaged in assembly

Trade war escalation: China hits back at U.S. tariffs

04/04/202507/04/2025

China retaliates against U.S. trade policies with new tariffs, import bans, and business blacklists. Tensions between the two largest economies are intensifying, reshaping global trade dynamics

A Gazprom natural gas facility in Uzbekistan featuring yellow and blue pipelines, industrial valves, and processing units under a clear blue sky. The image highlights Russia’s energy infrastructure amid geopolitical and economic challenge

Sanctions and Siberian stalemate: Russia’s energy empire in peril

07/03/202512/03/2025

Russia’s once-dominant energy empire is crumbling under Western sanctions. With gas markets lost, oil exports stalled, and fiscal reserves depleting, the Kremlin faces an unprecedented economic reckoning

A small Thai flag placed on a detailed map of Southeast Asia, highlighting Thailand’s geographical position. The image symbolizes Thailand’s strategic role in global trade, particularly its rising exports of dual-use technology to Russia despite Western sanctions

Sanctions and the Swiss cheese effect: How Thailand became Russia’s backdoor supplier

03/03/202517/04/2025

Western sanctions against Russia aimed to cripple its war machine. Instead, they fueled a shadow economy where Thailand has emerged as an unofficial supplier of strategic goods

An illuminated petrochemical plant of Iran’s National Petrochemical Company (NPC) at dusk, with towering chimneys, intricate pipelines, and industrial structures against a dramatic, stormy sky—highlighting Iran’s oil supply chain resilience amid U.S. sanctions

Iran’s oil industry under siege

01/03/202508/03/2025

Donald Trump’s latest sanctions on Iran’s oil trade aim to cripple its economy, yet they do little more than strengthen China’s grip on the global energy market while alienating U.S. allies. Another “diplomatic masterpiece”

A small globe with colorful pushpins stuck into various locations, symbolizing geopolitical tensions and economic restrictions. Some pins have fallen onto a marble surface, representing shifting alliances and evolving global pressures. The image visually reflects the growing complexity of international sanctions in 2025, highlighting their impact on trade, finance, and diplomacy

The sanctions whirlwind: 2024’s crackdowns and the powder keg of 2025

27/02/202508/03/2025

Based on K2 Integrity’s findings, sanctions in 2024 escalated dramatically, reshaping global trade. In 2025, expect even tighter restrictions, financial warfare, and heightened compliance risks as geopolitical tensions mount