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MINERALS

Aerial view of an open-pit mining operation with a massive bucket-wheel excavator carving through layers of earth. The circular excavation patterns highlight the scale of mineral extraction

Ukraine’s mineral war is just getting started

Beneath Ukraine’s war-torn soil lies an untapped fortune—critical minerals essential for the green energy transition. The world’s superpowers are circling, and the stakes are nothing short of geopolitical domination

Open-pit cobalt mine in the Democratic Republic of Congo, showing terraced excavation, heavy machinery, and mineral-rich soil layers

The raw material riddle: Europe’s silent dependency

Europe’s economy relies on critical raw materials dominated by external players. Can strategic diversification, resource innovation, and policy reforms reduce its vulnerability in an increasingly competitive global market?